Přizpůsobení jezdce UWP Slideru

Visual Studio WinUI XAML

5 years ago

Výchozí podoba ovladacího prvku Slider v UWP zahrnuje velmi jednoduchý obdelníkový jezdec. Naštěstí, díky přizpůsobivosti XAML designu můžeme tento výchozí jezdec efektivně nahradit jakýmkoliv jiným ovladacím prvkem dle naší potřeby a dodat tak naší aplikaci svěží a unikátní vzhled.

Custom thumb

Vlastní jezdec
Výchozí šablona ovladacího prvku `Slider` obsahuje vnitřní styl pro prvek `Thumb`: 
<Style x:Key="SliderThumbStyle" TargetType="Thumb">
    <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/>
    <Setter Property="Background" Value="{ThemeResource SliderThumbBackground}"/>
    <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
            <ControlTemplate TargetType="Thumb">
                <Border Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" CornerRadius="4"/>
            </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
</Style>

Jak můžeme vidět, Thumb používá Border s malým zaoblením rohů pomocí CornerRadius. Obsah této šablony však můžeme snadno odstranit a nahradit čímkoliv jiným v našem arzenálu. Skvělým příkladem může být jednoduchý Image:

<ControlTemplate TargetType="Thumb">
    <Image Source="/Assets/Thumb.png" />
</ControlTemplate>

Navíc, pokud je vaše ikona monochromatická, můžeme použít prvek BitmapIcon protože automaticky přejme výhozí barvu motivu systému.

<ControlTemplate TargetType="Thumb">
    <BitmapIcon UriSource="/Assets/Thumb.png" />
</ControlTemplate>

Chybí nám však ještě jedna maličkost. Výchozí Slider explicitně nastavuje Width a Height jezdce na poměrně malé hodnoty to be quite small. Vyhledejme tedy elementy se jmény HorizontalThumb and VerticalThumb a upravme jejich velikost tak, aby více odpovídala našim představám:

<Thumb x:Name="HorizontalThumb" ... Height="24" Width="24"/>

<Thumb x:Name="VerticalThumb" ... Height="24" Width="24"/>

Celý styl

<Style x:Key="CustomThumbSlider" TargetType="Slider">
    <Setter Property="Background" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackFill}"/>
    <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="{ThemeResource SliderBorderThemeThickness}"/>
    <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackValueFill}"/>
    <Setter Property="FontFamily" Value="{ThemeResource ContentControlThemeFontFamily}"/>
    <Setter Property="FontSize" Value="{ThemeResource ControlContentThemeFontSize}"/>
    <Setter Property="ManipulationMode" Value="None"/>
    <Setter Property="UseSystemFocusVisuals" Value="True"/>
    <Setter Property="FocusVisualMargin" Value="-7,0,-7,0"/>
    <Setter Property="IsFocusEngagementEnabled" Value="True"/>
    <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
            <ControlTemplate TargetType="Slider">
                <Grid Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
                    <Grid.Resources>
                        <Style x:Key="SliderThumbStyle" TargetType="Thumb">
                            <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/>
                            <Setter Property="Background" Value="{ThemeResource SliderThumbBackground}"/>
                            <Setter Property="Template">
                                <Setter.Value>
                                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="Thumb">
                                        <Image Source="/Assets/Thumb.png" />
                                    </ControlTemplate>
                                </Setter.Value>
                            </Setter>
                        </Style>
                    </Grid.Resources>
                    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                        <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                        <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
                    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                    <VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
                        <VisualStateGroup x:Name="CommonStates">
                            <VisualState x:Name="Normal"/>
                            <VisualState x:Name="Pressed">
                                <Storyboard>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="HorizontalTrackRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackFillPressed}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="VerticalTrackRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackFillPressed}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="HorizontalThumb" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Background">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderThumbBackgroundPressed}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="VerticalThumb" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Background">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderThumbBackgroundPressed}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="SliderContainer" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Background">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderContainerBackgroundPressed}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="HorizontalDecreaseRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackValueFillPressed}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="VerticalDecreaseRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackValueFillPressed}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                </Storyboard>
                            </VisualState>
                            <VisualState x:Name="Disabled">
                                <Storyboard>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="HeaderContentPresenter" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Foreground">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderHeaderForegroundDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="HorizontalDecreaseRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackValueFillDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="HorizontalTrackRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackFillDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="VerticalDecreaseRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackValueFillDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="VerticalTrackRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackFillDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="HorizontalThumb" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Background">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderThumbBackgroundDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="VerticalThumb" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Background">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderThumbBackgroundDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="TopTickBar" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTickBarFillDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="BottomTickBar" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTickBarFillDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="LeftTickBar" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTickBarFillDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="RightTickBar" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTickBarFillDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="SliderContainer" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Background">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderContainerBackgroundDisabled}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                </Storyboard>
                            </VisualState>
                            <VisualState x:Name="PointerOver">
                                <Storyboard>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="HorizontalTrackRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackFillPointerOver}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="VerticalTrackRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackFillPointerOver}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="HorizontalThumb" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Background">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderThumbBackgroundPointerOver}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="VerticalThumb" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Background">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderThumbBackgroundPointerOver}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="SliderContainer" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Background">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderContainerBackgroundPointerOver}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="HorizontalDecreaseRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackValueFillPointerOver}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="VerticalDecreaseRect" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Fill">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="{ThemeResource SliderTrackValueFillPointerOver}"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                </Storyboard>
                            </VisualState>
                        </VisualStateGroup>
                        <VisualStateGroup x:Name="FocusEngagementStates">
                            <VisualState x:Name="FocusDisengaged"/>
                            <VisualState x:Name="FocusEngagedHorizontal">
                                <Storyboard>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="SliderContainer" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Control.IsTemplateFocusTarget)">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="False"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="HorizontalThumb" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Control.IsTemplateFocusTarget)">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="True"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                </Storyboard>
                            </VisualState>
                            <VisualState x:Name="FocusEngagedVertical">
                                <Storyboard>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="SliderContainer" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Control.IsTemplateFocusTarget)">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="False"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                    <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="VerticalThumb" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Control.IsTemplateFocusTarget)">
                                        <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="True"/>
                                    </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                </Storyboard>
                            </VisualState>
                        </VisualStateGroup>
                    </VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
                    <ContentPresenter x:Name="HeaderContentPresenter" ContentTemplate="{TemplateBinding HeaderTemplate}" Content="{TemplateBinding Header}" FontWeight="{ThemeResource SliderHeaderThemeFontWeight}" Foreground="{ThemeResource SliderHeaderForeground}" Margin="{ThemeResource SliderHeaderThemeMargin}" TextWrapping="Wrap" Visibility="Collapsed" x:DeferLoadStrategy="Lazy"/>
                    <Grid x:Name="SliderContainer" Background="{ThemeResource SliderContainerBackground}" Control.IsTemplateFocusTarget="True" Grid.Row="1">
                        <Grid x:Name="HorizontalTemplate" MinHeight="44">
                            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                                <RowDefinition Height="18"/>
                                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                                <RowDefinition Height="18"/>
                            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                            <Rectangle x:Name="HorizontalTrackRect" Grid.ColumnSpan="3" Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}" Height="{ThemeResource SliderTrackThemeHeight}" Grid.Row="1"/>
                            <Rectangle x:Name="HorizontalDecreaseRect" Fill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}" Grid.Row="1"/>
                            <TickBar x:Name="TopTickBar" Grid.ColumnSpan="3" Fill="{ThemeResource SliderTickBarFill}" Height="{ThemeResource SliderOutsideTickBarThemeHeight}" Margin="0,0,0,4" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Visibility="Collapsed"/>
                            <TickBar x:Name="HorizontalInlineTickBar" Grid.ColumnSpan="3" Fill="{ThemeResource SliderInlineTickBarFill}" Height="{ThemeResource SliderTrackThemeHeight}" Grid.Row="1" Visibility="Collapsed"/>
                            <TickBar x:Name="BottomTickBar" Grid.ColumnSpan="3" Fill="{ThemeResource SliderTickBarFill}" Height="{ThemeResource SliderOutsideTickBarThemeHeight}" Margin="0,4,0,0" Grid.Row="2" VerticalAlignment="Top" Visibility="Collapsed"/>
                            <Thumb x:Name="HorizontalThumb" AutomationProperties.AccessibilityView="Raw" Grid.Column="1" DataContext="{TemplateBinding Value}" FocusVisualMargin="-14,-6,-14,-6" Height="24" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource SliderThumbStyle}" Width="24"/>
                        </Grid>
                        <Grid x:Name="VerticalTemplate" MinWidth="44" Visibility="Collapsed">
                            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="18"/>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="18"/>
                            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                                <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
                                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                            <Rectangle x:Name="VerticalTrackRect" Grid.Column="1" Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}" Grid.RowSpan="3" Width="{ThemeResource SliderTrackThemeHeight}"/>
                            <Rectangle x:Name="VerticalDecreaseRect" Grid.Column="1" Fill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}" Grid.Row="2"/>
                            <TickBar x:Name="LeftTickBar" Fill="{ThemeResource SliderTickBarFill}" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Margin="0,0,4,0" Grid.RowSpan="3" Visibility="Collapsed" Width="{ThemeResource SliderOutsideTickBarThemeHeight}"/>
                            <TickBar x:Name="VerticalInlineTickBar" Grid.Column="1" Fill="{ThemeResource SliderInlineTickBarFill}" Grid.RowSpan="3" Visibility="Collapsed" Width="{ThemeResource SliderTrackThemeHeight}"/>
                            <TickBar x:Name="RightTickBar" Grid.Column="2" Fill="{ThemeResource SliderTickBarFill}" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="4,0,0,0" Grid.RowSpan="3" Visibility="Collapsed" Width="{ThemeResource SliderOutsideTickBarThemeHeight}"/>
                            <Thumb x:Name="VerticalThumb" AutomationProperties.AccessibilityView="Raw" Grid.ColumnSpan="3" Grid.Column="0" DataContext="{TemplateBinding Value}" FocusVisualMargin="-6,-14,-6,-14" Height="24" Grid.Row="1" Style="{StaticResource SliderThumbStyle}" Width="24"/>
                        </Grid>
                    </Grid>
                </Grid>
            </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
</Style>

Zdrojový kód

Ukázkový kód k tomuto článku najdete na mém GitHubu.

Shrnutí

Podívali jsme se, na to, jak je určen vzhled Thumb uvnitřSlideru. Přestože jde o jednoduchý trik, může být velmi užitečný pro zvýšení uživatelské přívětivosti vaší aplikace.